Wide belt grinding machines operate with an abrasive belt guided by 2 rolls. One of them is called the belt tension roll while the other is called contact roll or contact wheel. Becaue the contact wheel is driven, this spindle also can be used for a polishing wheel.
The contact wheel presses the abrasive onto the workpieces surface. The contact wheel can be choosen in different shore hardnesses and surface textures according to the application. The main impact is influenced by the abrasive belt itself. Different grits can be choosen depending on the application - typically from K40 to K600. Sometimes - for special applications - even from K24 to K1200.
Machines can be equipped with mulitple heads e.g. if in the same pass a lot of material has to be removed and the surface finish shall be very fine after the process. Alternatively the workpiece can be passed through the machine multiple times - in this case, the tools have to be changed starting with the rougher grits followed by finer grits.
The difference of the grit between two passes should not be too high, so that the finer grit is capable of removing the scratches of the foregoing rougher abrasive belt. The described grinding machines can be used for flat parts like for example punched parts or fine-blanking parts as well as for rectengular tubes.
The machines are available both in wet and dry working mode. Wet grinding machines are equipped with a band-filter system to separate the debree from the emulsion while for dry machines use dust extraction systems to collect the debree.
This technology is suitable for stainless steel, steel, Super alloys, copper, brass, aluminum, titan, zirconium and many other types of material.
Due to the wide range of abrasives that can be used, this method can be used to remove a lot of material from the surface as well as for producing very fine surface structures with excellent roughness values.